-Cryptococcosis is a rare fungal disease, caused by cryptococcus nepformans. Two varieties of the organism have been identified, C.Neoformans Var. Neoformans and C.Neoformans Var. Gatti.
The fungus is found all over the world in soil. It may also be associated with bird droppings, and it is acquired through inhalation of the spores.Sometimes the infection is asymptomatic. In immunocompromised patients, it can spread to anywhere in the body, including the central nervous system, and it can be lethal.-Recently, there’s been large increase in the incidence of Cryptococcal infections. The main predisposing factors are HIV Infections, Diabetis, Immunosuppresive therapy. -Two forms of the disease have been recognized- PULMONARY which is the commonest and Disseminated which may involve CNS, Lymph nodes, Skin, GIT and Oral mucosa.-In Oral cavity, It presents as abnormai chronic ulcerations with vegetating surface, tender on palpation.-Tongue, Palate, Gingiva, Tooth socket are the most common sites.-DIAGNOSIS: Culture test, Detection of cryptococcus in the serum.-TREATMENT: Systemic amphotericin B, Fluconazole, & Itraconazole
