CLOSED REDUCTION IN PARTIALLY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS
If a patient is partially dentate, the existing partial denture can be used for intermaxillary fixation. The partial dentures can be secured to either jaw using circummandibular or circumzygomatic wiring techniques. If the patient has no existing partial denture, acrylic blocks also can be fabricated with an incorporated arch bar and secured with circummandibular or circumzygomatic wires.
CLOSED REDUCTION IN EDENTULOUS PATIENTS
If dentures are available, they can be secured with circummandibular wires, circumzygomatic wires, or palatal screws.
Dentures also can be fabricated with incorporated arch bars as well as a space in the anterior for feeding (Gunning splint). They are secured in the same fashion with circummandibular wires, circumzygomatic wires, or palatal screws.
Biphasic pin fixation (external pin fixation or Joe Hall Morris appliance) also is used for edentulous patients. Its indications for use are as follows:
-edentulous patients with a discontinuity defect because of either severe trauma or resectionn -severely comminuted fractures
-When intermaxillary or rigid fixation cannot be used
Biphasic pin fixation using two pins on both the proximal and distal fragments
