Attrition is the loss of teeth structure by mechanical forces from opposing teeth. Attrition initially affects the enamel and, if unchecked, may proceed to the underlying dentin. Once past the enamel, attrition quickly destroys the softer dentin. Erosion is a very important contributing factor to the loss of tooth substance by attrition.
The most common cause of attrition is bruxism. Functional habits are those such as chewing and swallowing, which usually puts very little force on opposing teeth. Parafunctional habits, such as clenching and clicking the teeth together nervously, place greater amounts of forces on opposing teeth and begin to wear the teeth. As expected, wear usually begins on the incisal or occlusal surfaces.
Characteristic Features: Development of a facet (flat surface with circumscribed and well defined border). Opposing tooth facets will match perfectly in occlusion.
Interproximal Attrition: Occurs at proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth when they move against one another on occlusal loading. Movement of teeth is in the vertical direction.
TREATMENT:
The damage to teeth caused by attrition is best repaired with replacement crowns or onlays.
They restore the size of the shortened and flattened teeth.
The bite and chewing relationship (occlusion) between the upper and lower teeth will be restored.
Any sensitivity to hot and cold is eliminated by covering the previously exposed dentine.
The aesthetics of the teeth, mouth and face can be improved dramatically.
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