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20/03/2011 at 12:20 pm #11801AnonymousOnlineTopics: 0Replies: 1150Has thanked: 0 timesBeen thanked: 1 time
Bone loss in the oral cavity may occur due to many causes, including infection, systemic or local alterations in the host response, or multifactorial causes. The purpose of this article is to review our present understanding of the major causes of oral bone loss in adults, with special emphasis on two major oral diseases: periodontitis and residual ridge resorption. Periodontitis is characterized by resorption of the alveolar bone as well as loss of the soft tissue attachment to the tooth. Progressive periodontitis will result in continued alveolar bone loss and may result in tooth mobility, abscesses, and ultimately tooth loss. Although the reported prevalence may vary according to the epidemiologic study design, the 1985 National Survey of Oral Health of United States Adults indicated that 94% of female senior citizens examined demonstrated at least one site with at least 2 mm loss of attachment. Resorption of alveolar bone that occurs following tooth extraction is termed residual ridge resorption. In many cases, the denture will loosen because of the inability of the resorbed ridge to stabilize the prosthesis. In the most severe cases, the denture may impinge on the exposed mandibular nerve, resulting in pain or total inability to tolerate the prostheses. Although clear statistics on the prevalence of residual ridge resorption are not available, this boss loss may result in the need for new dentures to replace ill-fitting prostheses.
[Current knowledge on resorption of the edentulous alveolar ridge].INTRODUCTION: Due to inside physiological processes of the bone tissue of the residual ridge, the above is identical with the bone tissue in other parts of the body. All bones which contain a larger percentage of substance spongiosa are very sensitive to the changes in remodelation. In mandibula the arrangement of the bone trabeculas is in the same direction with the spongious bone traectoria. In maxillae, functional demands for transmitting the forces, are fulfilled by a larger number of trabeculas per square unit. The atrophia of the residual ridge was a result of teeth loss, which means that there was no working tension on the bone, affected by the periodontal ligament in a physiological way.
21/03/2011 at 12:45 pm #16987tonyshori.perioOfflineRegistered On: 18/03/2011Topics: 0Replies: 20Has thanked: 0 timesBeen thanked: 0 times21/03/2011 at 4:12 pm #16991AnonymousA decided attitude of expectation among many patients has given a new perspective to regenerative and plastic periodonta surgery. With authors emphasizing on the importance of gingival thickness, attempts are being made to obtain necessary information atraumatically and rapidly. Hence in the present study an attempt has been made to compare the two methods of assessing gingival thickness i.e transgingival probing and ultrasonographic method and also assess the gingival thickness in relation to central incisor lateral incisor and canine in Indian population. The gingival thickness was assessed in patients with healthy gingiva by both the methods. It was observed that transgingival probing method significantly over estimated the thickness of gingiva than the ultrasonographic method and the thickness of gingiva varies with morphology of the crown. It was concluded that compared to transgingival probing ultrasonographic method assesses gingiva thickness more accurately, rapidly and atraumatically.The gingival thickness was assessed mid-buccally in the attached gingiva, half way between mucogingival junction and free gingival groove [11] and at the base of the interdental papilla [Figure – 1]. The thickness of gingiva was assessed at both the measurement points tooth wise i.e. at central incisor, lateral incisor and canine by both TGP and USG methods. The measurement points on the facial gingiva were marked with a marking pencil
The ultrasound A-scan* measuring 13.5"x 7", included a digital display, scan display, a transducer probe, built in printer and foot switch. The frequency is 10 MHZ 10The ultrasonic measurement was done using A – scan which makes use of pulse echo principle. The transducer probe was adapted to the gingival surface coinciding with the bleeding point created during transgingival probing [Figure – 3]. The mechanism of action of ultrasound based on the transit time for the pulse (ultrasound wave)tutravelto the bone (hard tissue) and echoed back creates spikes on the monitor immediately. Utilizing the print out of this graph and with the help of the optical projector, the thickness of gingiva was determined
23/03/2011 at 12:25 pm #16996tonyshori.perioOfflineRegistered On: 18/03/2011Topics: 0Replies: 20Has thanked: 0 timesBeen thanked: 0 times25/03/2011 at 1:13 pm #17004tirathOfflineRegistered On: 31/10/2009Topics: 353Replies: 226Has thanked: 0 timesBeen thanked: 0 times -
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