NEED FOR TOOTH SEPARATION:
-Diagnosis of initial proximal caries in case it does not show up in radiographs.
-In Cavity preparations, for adequate access to class 2 or class 3 cavity preparations.
-To create space for matrix band placement.
-For ease of polishing proximal surfaces of tooth preparations.
-To reposition teeth that are drifted or tilted due to caries or faulty restorations back to physiologic positions.
-Removal of foreign objects lodged/wedged inter proximally causing periodontal damage.
METHODS OF TOOTH SEPARATION:-
I] RAPID OR IMMEDIATE SEPARATION
II] SLOW OR DELAYED SEPARATION
I]RAPID/IMMEDIATE SEPARATION can be achieved as follows:
1) Separation by wedge principle using Elliots separator,wedges.
2)Separation by traction technique using Ferrier double bow separator.
II]SLOW/DELAYED SEPARATION can be achieved as follows:
In this case the movement of teeth occurs gradually over a period of time, indicated when teeth are severly rotated , tilted or drifted to a considerable extent,The following means are applied:
1)Rubber dam sheets
2)Separating rubber band
3)Separating ligature wires
4)Oversized resin temporary crowns
5)Orthodontic appliances
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